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Career overview · SOC 51-9162

Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Programmers

Develop programs to control machining or processing of materials by automatic machine tools, equipment, or systems. May also set up, operate, or maintain equipment.

Also called: CAD Programmer (Computer-Aided Design Programmer) · CAM Programmer (Computer-Aided Manufacturing Programmer) · CNC Machine Operator (Computer Numerical Control Machine Operator) · CNC Machinist (Computer Numerical Control Machinist) · CNC Operator (Computer Numerical Control Operator) · CNC Programmer (Computer Numerical Control Programmer)

Median pay (national)
$65,670
$45,760–$97,930 (10th–90th)
Employed (US)
28,230
BLS OEWS, May 2024
Outlook 2024–34
+12.8%
~3,100 openings/yr
Typical entry
Postsecondary nondegree award

What the numbers say

Refit analysis ·Pay for computer numerically controlled tool programmers shows a broad range: the top 10% earn $97,930 versus $45,760 at the bottom 10% — 2.1x. The median of $65,670 leaves roughly 49% of headroom to the 90th percentile, which is where seniority, specialization, and the skills below tend to pay off.
Refit analysis ·Employment is projected to change +12.8% from 2024 to 2034 — much faster than the 3% average for all occupations. Even so, BLS projects about 3,100 openings a year, mostly to replace workers who retire or change careers.
Refit analysis ·Where you work moves the number a lot. Across the 44 states with released data, Washington pays the most for this role (median $81,970, +25% vs the national median), while Mississippi sits lowest at $52,000 — a 58% spread for the same job title.
Refit analysis ·O*NET rates Monitoring, Mathematics, Reading Comprehension as the highest-importance skills here — so a resume aimed at this role should lead with evidence of those, not a generic skills list. On the tools side, O*NET flags Autodesk AutoCAD, Autodesk Fusion 360, Dassault Systemes SolidWorks, G-code as in-demand technologies for this role.

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Top skills employers ask for

Ranked by O*NET importance for this occupation.

  • Monitoring
  • Mathematics
  • Reading Comprehension
  • Active Listening
  • Speaking
  • Critical Thinking
  • Writing
  • Active Learning
  • Learning Strategies
  • Science

What they actually do

Core O*NET tasks for this role.

  • Determine the sequence of machine operations, and select the proper cutting tools needed to machine workpieces into the desired shapes.
  • Enter computer commands to store or retrieve parts patterns, graphic displays, or programs that transfer data to other media.
  • Modify existing programs to enhance efficiency.
  • Compare encoded tapes or computer printouts with original part specifications and blueprints to verify accuracy of instructions.
  • Prepare geometric layouts from graphic displays, using computer-assisted drafting software or drafting instruments and graph paper.
  • Determine reference points, machine cutting paths, or hole locations, and compute angular and linear dimensions, radii, and curvatures.
  • Perform preventative maintenance or minor repairs on machines.
  • Analyze job orders, drawings, blueprints, specifications, printed circuit board pattern films, and design data to calculate dimensions, tool selection, machine speeds, and feed rates.
  • Observe machines on trial runs or conduct computer simulations to ensure that programs and machinery will function properly and produce items that meet specifications.
  • Write programs in the language of a machine's controller and store programs on media, such as punch tapes, magnetic tapes, or disks.

Tools & technology

  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Autodesk Fusion 360
  • Dassault Systemes SolidWorks
  • G-code
  • Mastercam computer-aided design and manufacturing software
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • SAP software
  • 1CadCam Unigraphics
  • 3D Systems GibbsCAM
  • Aptean Made2Manage
  • Autodesk PartMaker
  • Autodesk PowerMill
  • Autodesk PowerShape
  • BobCAD-CAM
  • Celeritive Technologies VoluMill

Knowledge areas

  • Production and Processing
  • Engineering and Technology
  • Mathematics
  • Design
  • Computers and Electronics
  • English Language
  • Education and Training
  • Mechanical